Cavalcanti, Rodrigo de Camargo2026-06-092026-06-092026FARIA, Nilzélia Rosa Lopes de. Energia solar fotovoltaica e a ordem constitucional econômica: políticas públicas para o desenvolvimento sustentável e redução das desigualdades no Estado de Goiás. Goiânia (GO), 2026. 81 f. Dissertação (Mestrado Profissional em Direito Constitucional Econômico) - Centro Universitário Alves Faria, 2026.http://repositorio.unialfa.com.br/handle/123456789/793This dissertation investigates the role of photovoltaic solar energy as an instrument for environmental protection and the reduction of social inequalities in the State of Goiás, in light of the principles of the constitutional economic order and sustainability. It is based on the understanding that the Federal Constitution of 1988, particularly in Articles 170 and 225, links economic development to social justice and environmental protection, imposing on the State the duty to promote public policies aimed at the sustainable use of natural resources. A qualitative, exploratory, and analytical methodology was adopted, based on bibliographical, documentary, and normative review, as well as the analysis of secondary data from official and institutional sources. The analysis demonstrates that Goiás presents favorable climatic and territorial conditions for the expansion of solar energy, with high levels of solar radiation, ensuring technical and economic feasibility for photovoltaic generation. The findings indicate that solar energy provides environmental benefits, such as the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, as well as significant economic and social benefits, including job creation, decentralization of electricity production, and expanded access to energy. However, technical, regulatory, and financial challenges that limit the universalization of access were also identified. The study concludes that the consolidation of solar energy in Goiás depends on the articulation of a stable regulatory framework, inclusive public policies, tax incentives, and accessible financing instruments, in order to ensure not only the energy transition but also the realization of fundamental rights and the promotion of sustainable development.ptEnergia solar fotovoltaicaDesenvolvimento sustentávelOrdem constitucional econômicaDesigualdade social